一、硬件描述

硬件配置：5颗ddr4,其中一颗作为ecc。

1、DDR问题会导致uboot无法加载运行。所以RCW配置完后最重要的就是调试DDR。首先检查ddr硬件上的设计，DQ信号设计应该是4位交叉（swap），主要原因是CW软件DQ mapping是按照4位配置的，没有8位的swap配置，如果硬件不是按照4位swizzled的，ddr的参数校准会通不过。我们的项目第一版即使因为硬件DQ信号是按照8位设计的，DQ参数无法正确配置，从而ddr校准不过，不得已最后改版成4位swpa，才成功了。DQ mapping参数由硬件提供，然后再cw上对应填写就行。DQ_MAP原理图：

Codewarrior DQ mapping配置-4位swap，根据实际电路调整：

2、在创建ddr配置工程的时候，需要填写的clk to dqs由硬件提供，要正确填写。其他的值按照ddr手册配置好就行

二、参数介绍

1、DRAM type: 颗粒的配置成NoDimm

2、使用CW做validation参数校准，这个比较费时。

3、校准完毕后，和RCW一样，点击生成代码按钮，会生成ddr_init1.c，找到ddr_raw_timing结构体，复制到自己的ddr_init.c中替代。

struct dimm_params ddr_raw_timing = {
        .n_ranks = 1,
        .rank_density = 8589934592u,
        .capacity = 8589934592u,
        .primary_sdram_width = 64,
        .ec_sdram_width = 8,
        .device_width = 8,
        .die_density = 0x08,
        .rdimm = 0,
        .mirrored_dimm = 0,
        .n_row_addr = 16,
        .n_col_addr = 10,
        .bank_addr_bits = 0,
        .bank_group_bits = 2,
        .edc_config = 2,
        .burst_lengths_bitmask = 0x0c,
        .tckmin_x_ps = 625,
        .tckmax_ps = 1600,
        .caslat_x = 0x00FFFC00,
        .taa_ps = 18800,
        .trcd_ps = 18800,
        .trp_ps = 18800,
        .tras_ps = 43800,
        .trc_ps = 37600,
        .twr_ps = 20000,
        .trfc1_ps = 350000,
        .trfc2_ps = 260000,
        .trfc4_ps = 160000,
        .tfaw_ps = 25000,
        .trrds_ps = 25000,
        .trrdl_ps = 6200,
        .tccdl_ps = 6200,
        .refresh_rate_ps = 10237500
};

4、在packages/firmware/atf/plat/nxp/soc-lx2160/lx2160ardb/platform_def.h中定义下面的宏:

#define CONFIG_DDR_NODIMM

flex-builder -c atf -m lx2160ardb_rev2 -b xspi 生成fip.bin文件，使用codewarrior tap下载到flash。建议先下载一个官方的复合固件，然后替换自己的fip.bin和fip_uboot.bin。

三、开启DDR Log

修改文件：flexbuild_lsdk2108/components/firmware/atf$ vim Makefile

修改内容：

修改文件：flexbuild_lsdk2108/components/firmware/atf/plat/nxp/soc-lx2160a/lx2160ardb/platform.mk

修改内容：增加DDR_DEBUG := yes

通讯方式有两种：

一、USB通讯

这个相对简单，但速率低。配置流程如下，配置完保存即可。

二、网口通讯

配置复杂，速率高。先连上USB，配置流程如下：

连接后，配置IP

Push enter to start console.

                  ####
               ##########
            ##########  ....          Freescale Semiconductor Inc.
               ####  ..........       Copyright (c) 2015
                  ..........  ####    All Rights Reserved
                     ....  ##########
                        ##########    Codewarrior TAP Firmware
                    ....   ####       Boot Loader Version 1.0.1
                 ..........             built Mon Aug 26 18:55:20 UTC 2013
              ..........  ####        OS Version 1.0.4
          ####   ....  ##########       built Thu Apr 23 22:28:59 UTC 2015
       ##########   ##########
    ##########  ....   ####           Main Board: CodeWarrior TAP (3.3V)
       ####  ..........               Probe Tip:  Power Architecture JTAG/COP
          ..........
      ####   ....
   ##########                         Note: This product uses open-source
##########                            components.  See "help license"
   ####                               for details.

Network not configured - defaulting to DHCP
core> help
Help is available for these commands:
  arp           ARP table commands.
  ccs           Display/manage CCS firmware
  gdbproxy      Display/manage gdbproxy firmware
  help          Get help on commands
  host          Host table commands
  license       Displays open-source license details
  netparam      Show/set nonvolatile networking parameters.
  netstat       Display network protocol statistics.
  ping          Test if host is alive.
  reset         Reboot this device.
  route         Route table commands.
  tgreset       Reset target
  tgtty         Get/set tty settings for target serial
  who           List any open connections.
core> help netparam
Usage: netparam [subcommand <subcommand options>]

This command displays or sets nonvolatile networking
parameters. If called with no subcommand, it displays all
parameters.  When called with one of the subcommands listed
below, it changes the parameters associated with that command.
Note that when changed, some parameters will not be activated
until the unit is rebooted.
Use "netparam <subcommand> --help" for help on a specific 
subcommand.

Netparam recognizes the following subcommands:
         add_host               Add static host
         add_route              Add static route
         bootconfig             Boot method selection
         delete_host            Delete static host
         delete_route           Delete static route
         static_ip_address      Specify static IP address
         static_dns_server      Specify DNS server address

设置静态IP，命令会阻塞10s，这个时候CodeWarrior TAP的RX/TX灯变为绿色，

core> netparam static_ip_address 192.168.6.223 # wait for 10s
core> netparam add_route 192.168.6.254 gateway_ip 1 # hop_cnt=1
core> netparam bootconfig static:cw-tap0
Netmask defaults to 255.255.255.0
Using dynamic IP address 192.168.6.223                                          
core> ping 192.168.6.6
PING 192.168.6.6 (192.168.6.6): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 192.168.6.6: seq=0 ttl=128 time=0.917 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.6.6: seq=1 ttl=128 time=0.640 ms

--- 192.168.6.6 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 0.640/0.778/0.917 ms

跨网段设置路由，有警告但是设置成功。

core> netparam add_route 192.168.12.0 192.168.6.254 1
Netmask defaults to 255.255.255.0
gateway_ip: Unknown host
route: netmask doesn't match route address
Usage: route [-nNvee] [-FC] [<AF>]           List kernel routing tables
       route [-v] [-FC] {add|del|flush} ...  Modify routing table for AF.

       route {-h|--help} [<AF>]              Detailed usage syntax for specified AF.
       route {-V|--version}                  Display version/author and exit.

        -v, --verbose            be verbose
        -n, --numeric            don't resolve names
        -e, --extend             display other/more information
        -F, --fib                display Forwarding Information Base (default)
        -C, --cache              display routing cache instead of FIB

  <AF>=Use '-A <af>' or '--<af>'; default: inet
  List of possible address families (which support routing):
    inet (DARPA Internet) ax25 (AMPR AX.25) netrom (AMPR NET/ROM) 
    ipx (Novell IPX) ddp (Appletalk DDP) x25 (CCITT X.25) 
SIOCADDRT: File exists
core> ping 192.168.12.16
PING 192.168.12.16 (192.168.12.16): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 192.168.12.16: seq=0 ttl=127 time=2.608 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.12.16: seq=1 ttl=127 time=0.526 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.12.16: seq=2 ttl=127 time=0.585 ms

--- 192.168.12.16 ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 0.526/1.239/2.608 ms

查看路由表

core> netparam add_route 192.168.16.0 192.168.6.254 1
Netmask defaults to 255.255.255.0
gateway_ip: Unknown host
route: netmask doesn't match route address
Usage: route [-nNvee] [-FC] [<AF>]           List kernel routing tables
       route [-v] [-FC] {add|del|flush} ...  Modify routing table for AF.

       route {-h|--help} [<AF>]              Detailed usage syntax for specified AF.
       route {-V|--version}                  Display version/author and exit.

        -v, --verbose            be verbose
        -n, --numeric            don't resolve names
        -e, --extend             display other/more information
        -F, --fib                display Forwarding Information Base (default)
        -C, --cache              display routing cache instead of FIB

  <AF>=Use '-A <af>' or '--<af>'; default: inet
  List of possible address families (which support routing):
    inet (DARPA Internet) ax25 (AMPR AX.25) netrom (AMPR NET/ROM) 
    ipx (Novell IPX) ddp (Appletalk DDP) x25 (CCITT X.25) 
SIOCADDRT: File exists
SIOCADDRT: File exists
core> netstat -r
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags   MSS Window  irtt Iface
127.0.0.0       *               255.0.0.0       U         0 0          0 lo
169.254.0.0     *               255.255.0.0     U         0 0          0 usb0
192.168.6.0     *               255.255.255.0   U         0 0          0 eth0
192.168.6.0     192.168.6.254   255.255.255.0   UG        0 0          0 eth0
192.168.12.0    192.168.6.254   255.255.255.0   UG        0 0          0 eth0
192.168.16.0    192.168.6.254   255.255.255.0   UG        0 0          0 eth0

重启，需要把secureCRT的串口disconnect

core> reset
Close this configuration console to reboot...
(hit Ctrl+c to abort)

再重新打开，输入回车，和之前显示不一样了

Push enter to start console.

                  ####
               ##########
            ##########  ....          Freescale Semiconductor Inc.
               ####  ..........       Copyright (c) 2015
                  ..........  ####    All Rights Reserved
                     ....  ##########
                        ##########    Codewarrior TAP Firmware
                    ....   ####       Boot Loader Version 1.0.1
                 ..........             built Mon Aug 26 18:55:20 UTC 2013
              ..........  ####        OS Version 1.0.4
          ####   ....  ##########       built Thu Apr 23 22:28:59 UTC 2015
       ##########   ##########
    ##########  ....   ####           Main Board: CodeWarrior TAP (3.3V)
       ####  ..........               Probe Tip:  Power Architecture JTAG/COP
          ..........
      ####   ....
   ##########                         Note: This product uses open-source
##########                            components.  See "help license"
   ####                               for details.

Network configuration is static:cw-tap0
Using static IP address 192.168.6.223

这个时候，断开USB，采用USB供电，方可使用网络来连接，下载器自带了一个串口，设置串口参数，查看串口设置

core> help tgtty
Usage: tgtty [<options>]

Use this command to get and set target serial settings.  Without
options, this command displays current settings.  The following
options are accepted:
[reset]                                       -- terminates any open connections
[default]                                     -- set default settings
[<9600 | 19200 | 38400 | 57600 | 115200>]     -- baud rate
[<data5 | data6 | data7 | data8>]             -- data bits
[<stop1 | stop2>]                             -- stop bits
[<noparity | oddparity | evenparity>]         -- parity
[<rtscts | nortscts | rxtx>]                  -- hardware flow control
[<noxon | xon>]                               -- XON/XOFF flow control
[<echo | noecho>]                             -- whether the target echos

The default settings are:
9600 data8 stop1 noparity nortscts noxon echo
core> tgtty
115200 data8 stop1 noparity nortscts noxon echo

设置参数，会自动保存

core> tgtty 115200 data8 stop1 noparity nortscts noxon echo

恢复默认

core> tgtty default

使用这个串口，telnet登录下载器的1082端口。

查看板卡设备存在

root@localhost:~# ls /dev/ttyAMA*
ttyAMA0  ttyAMA1 。

官方哪里又要了一个内和设备树补丁。这个补丁很重要，应该是更改了pl011的驱动匹配。

diff --git a/arch/arm64/boot/dts/freescale/fsl-lx2160a.dtsi b/arch/arm64/boot/dts/freescale/fsl-lx2160a.dtsi
index 2fe86aca32da..e316bb09f7a1 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/boot/dts/freescale/fsl-lx2160a.dtsi
+++ b/arch/arm64/boot/dts/freescale/fsl-lx2160a.dtsi
@@ -894,26 +894,29 @@
 		};
 
 		uart1: serial@21d0000 {
-			compatible = "arm,sbsa-uart","arm,pl011";
+			compatible = "arm,pl011", "arm,primecell";
 			reg = <0x0 0x21d0000 0x0 0x1000>;
 			interrupts = <GIC_SPI 33 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH>;
-			current-speed = <115200>;
+			clocks = <&clockgen 4 7>, <&clockgen 4 7>;
+			clock-names = "uart", "apb_pclk";
 			status = "disabled";
 		};
 
 		uart2: serial@21e0000 {
-			compatible = "arm,sbsa-uart","arm,pl011";
+			compatible = "arm,pl011", "arm,primecell";
 			reg = <0x0 0x21e0000 0x0 0x1000>;
 			interrupts = <GIC_SPI 72 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH>;
-			current-speed = <115200>;
+			clocks = <&clockgen 4 7>, <&clockgen 4 7>;
+			clock-names = "uart", "apb_pclk";
 			status = "disabled";
 		};
 
 		uart3: serial@21f0000 {
-			compatible = "arm,sbsa-uart","arm,pl011";
+			compatible = "arm,pl011", "arm,primecell";
 			reg = <0x0 0x21f0000 0x0 0x1000>;
 			interrupts = <GIC_SPI 73 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH>;
-			current-speed = <115200>;
+			clocks = <&clockgen 4 7>, <&clockgen 4 7>;
+			clock-names = "uart", "apb_pclk";
 			status = "disabled";
 		};
 
--