前言

传统USB打印机如何实现网络打印机转变，发挥打印机余热。目前好多不用的机顶盒，我们刷成Linux系统。把打印机的USB线插到机顶盒上，机顶盒通过网线或者wifi连接到路由器上，实现USB到网络转换。那路由器Linux到底需要做哪些操作呢，接下来咱们一起聊聊。

一、安装打印机驱动环境

CUPS是开源的打印机服务开源框架，已集成成千上万的各式打印机驱动，我们不用重复造轮子。

1、安装cups

登陆机顶盒调试，会Linux开发的大家都明白。

apt install cups

2、修改 CUPS 配置文件 /etc/cups/cupsd.conf

将 Listen 修改为 0.0.0.0:631

将 Browsing 修改为 Yes

对应位置加上 Allow all

# Only listen for connections from the local machine.
Listen localhost:631 // [!code --]
Listen 0.0.0.0:631 // [!code ++]
Listen /run/cups/cups.sock 
​
# Show shared printers on the local network.
Browsing Off // [!code --]
Browsing Yes // [!code ++]
BrowseLocalProtocols dnssd
​
# Restrict access to the server...

  Order allow,deny
  Allow all // [!code ++]

​
# Restrict access to the admin pages...

  Order allow,deny
  Allow all // [!code ++]

​
# Restrict access to configuration files...

  AuthType Default
  Require user @SYSTEM
  Order allow,deny
  Allow all // [!code ++]

​
# Restrict access to log files...

  AuthType Default
  Require user @SYSTEM
  Order allow,deny
  Allow all // [!code ++]

3、重启cups服务

systemctl restart cups

4、登陆服务器web,进行打印机添加

访问 https://ip:631 进入 CUPS 的 Web UI，点击添加 Add Printer

5、windows添加网络打印机

一、环境配置

 sudo apt-get update
 sudo apt-get upgrade
 sudo apt install cups  #公共UNIX打印系统

二、驱动安装

sudo apt-get install hplip

三、打印机安装

hp-setup -i #第一个选0，第二个按p

xiaobao@armbian:~/software/shareprint$ hp-setup -i

HP Linux Imaging and Printing System (ver. 3.23.12)
Printer/Fax Setup Utility ver. 9.0

Copyright (c) 2001-18 HP Development Company, LP
This software comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.
This is free software, and you are welcome to distribute it
under certain conditions. See COPYING file for more details.

(Note: Defaults for each question are maked with a '*'. Press <enter> to accept the default.)


--------------------------------
| SELECT CONNECTION (I/O) TYPE |
--------------------------------

  Num       Connection  Description
            Type
  --------  ----------  ----------------------------------------------------------
  0*        usb         Universal Serial Bus (USB)
  1         net         Network/Ethernet/Wireless (direct connection or JetDirect)

Enter number 0...1 for connection type (q=quit, enter=usb*) ? 0

Using connection type: usb

Setting up device: hp:/usb/DeskJet_1110_series?serial=CN75J28090069Z



---------------------
| PRINT QUEUE SETUP |
---------------------


Please enter a name for this print queue (m=use model name:'DeskJet_1110'*, q=quit) ?
Using queue name: DeskJet_1110
Locating PPD file... Please wait.

Found PPD file: hplip:0/ppd/hplip/HP/hp-deskjet_1110_series.ppd
Description:

Note: The model number may vary slightly from the actual model number on the device.

Does this PPD file appear to be the correct one (y=yes*, n=no, q=quit) ?
Enter a location description for this printer (q=quit) ?
Enter additonal information or notes for this printer (q=quit) ?

Adding print queue to CUPS:
Device URI: hp:/usb/DeskJet_1110_series?serial=CN75J28090069Z
Queue name: DeskJet_1110
PPD file: hplip:0/ppd/hplip/HP/hp-deskjet_1110_series.ppd
Location:
Information:


You do not have permission to add a printer. You need authentication.
Username: root
Password:


---------------------
| PRINTER TEST PAGE |
---------------------


Would you like to print a test page (y=yes*, n=no, q=quit) ? y

HP Linux Imaging and Printing System (ver. 3.23.12)
Testpage Print Utility ver. 6.0

Copyright (c) 2001-18 HP Development Company, LP
This software comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.
This is free software, and you are welcome to distribute it
under certain conditions. See COPYING file for more details.


HP Linux Imaging and Printing System (ver. 3.23.12)
System Tray Status Service ver. 2.0

Copyright (c) 2001-18 HP Development Company, LP
This software comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.
This is free software, and you are welcome to distribute it
under certain conditions. See COPYING file for more details.

warning: No display found.
error: hp-systray requires Qt4 GUI and DBus support. Exiting.
warning: Unable to connect to dbus. Is hp-systray running?
Printing test page to printer DeskJet_1110...
请求 ID 为 DeskJet_1110-1 (1 个文件)
Test page has been sent to printer.

note: If an error occured, or the test page failed to print, refer to the HPLIP website
note: at: http://hplip.sourceforge.net for troubleshooting and support.


Done.

Done.

在服务器测试中，对硬盘的测试有很多，有些测试用例需要我们写一下自动化的脚本，比如给服务器所有的盘施加压力，这个就需要我们把除了OS盘的所有盘遍历出来，下面介绍几种方法来筛选OS盘
我们知道，判断os 盘的方法一般是看其有没有boot分区，通常用两个指令来获取：lsblk和df -h 下面一次介绍一下这两种方法的写法

1、 lsblk 如图所示 带有boot 分区的就是OS盘

系统盘是sda

系统盘是nvme0n1

shell命令行：

lsblk -l  |grep -i boot -B 1 |grep -i disk |awk '{print $1}'

筛选除了OS外所有的盘符

lsblk -l  |grep -vw sda |grep -i disk |awk '{print $1}'

lsblk -l  |grep -vw nvme0n1 |grep -i disk |awk '{print $1}'

2、 df -h

系统盘是sda

shell命令行

df -h | awk '{print $1}' | grep -iE "/dev/sd" | sed 's/[0-9]//g' |sort -u |awk -F "/" {'print $NF'}

系统盘是nvme0n1

shell 命令行

 df -h | awk '{print $1}' | grep -iE "/dev/nvme" | sed 's/p[0-9]//g' |sort -u |awk -F "/" {'print $NF'}

对此可以写成一个小脚本来判断OS，代码如下：

#!/bin/bash
bootdisk=`df -h |grep -i boot | awk '{print $1}' | grep -iE "/dev/sd" | sed 's/[0-9]//g' |sort -u|awk -F "/" '{print $NF}'`
if  test -z "$bootdisk"
then
        bootdisk=`df -h |grep -i boot| awk '{print $1}' | grep -iE "/dev/nvme" | sed 's/p[0-9]*//g' |sort -u|awk -F "/" '{print $NF}'`
        echo "os disk os $bootdisk"
else
        echo "os disk is $bootdisk"
fi

运行结果如下图：