在系统长期运行器件，会出现硬盘使用占满的情况。这时候需要考虑docker容器迁移。步骤如下：

一、增加硬盘，挂载位置

1、创建硬盘

fdisk /dev/sdb

2、格式化硬盘

mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1

3、挂载硬盘

mkdir /mnt/tHDD
mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/tHDD

4、自动挂载硬盘

blkid /dev/sdb1

vim /etv/fstab

UUID=e3746c50-ace6-4c88-bcf7-175ebbdcf13f /mnt/tHDD   ext4 error=remount-ro 0 

二、迁移docker文件

1、拷贝文件

cp -rfp /var/lib/docker /mnt/tHDD

注意：cp 指令需要添加p参数，防止拷贝过程中被修改文件权限。

2、修改配置

vim /etc/docker/daemon.json

{

"data-root": "/mnt/tHDD/docker",
"registry-mirrors": ["https://xxxxxx.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]

}

3、重启docker

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker

注意：如果是多dockers，最好重启机器。

sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker
sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://yxzrazem.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker

1、在镜像内部更换

# 备份原来的文件
cp  /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak

# 更换覆盖原来的文件
mv /home/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list

apt-get update

2、用Dockerfile构建时更换

FROM python:3.6.7

WORKDIR /home/code/
RUN cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
COPY . .
ADD sources.list /etc/apt/ 
RUN apt-get update 

1、尝试启动docker

root@DESKTOP-3TQ8K9B:~# systemctl start docker
Job for docker.service failed because the control process exited with error code.
See "systemctl status docker.service" and "journalctl -xeu docker.service" for details.

2、查看启动log

root@DESKTOP-3TQ8K9B:~# sudo dockerd --debug
INFO[2022-08-05T23:05:51.543106408+08:00] Starting up
......
failed to start daemon: Error initializing network controller: error obtaining controller instance: unable to add return rule in DOCKER-ISOLATION-STAGE-1 chain:  (iptables failed: iptables --wait -A DOCKER-ISOLATION-STAGE-1 -j RETURN: iptables v1.8.7 (nf_tables):  RULE_APPEND failed (No such file or directory): rule in chain DOCKER-ISOLATION-STAGE-1
 (exit status 4))

3、解决问题

sudo update-alternatives --set iptables /usr/sbin/iptables-legacy