{"id":1886,"date":"2026-06-16T03:01:44","date_gmt":"2026-06-16T03:01:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.recologypower.com:9080\/?p=1886"},"modified":"2026-06-16T03:12:08","modified_gmt":"2026-06-16T03:12:08","slug":"%e3%80%90linux%e3%80%91%e6%9e%84%e5%bb%ba%e5%9f%ba%e4%ba%8ebusybox%e7%9a%84initramfs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.recologypower.com:9080\/?p=1886","title":{"rendered":"\u3010Linux\u3011\u6784\u5efa\u57fa\u4e8eBusybox\u7684Initramfs"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u3001BusyBox<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>1\u3001\u4e0b\u8f7dBusyBox<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ wget http:\/\/busybox.net\/downloads\/busybox-1.22.1.tar.bz2<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>2\u3001\u914d\u7f6e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ tar xf busybox-1.22.1.tar.bz2\n$ cd busybox-1.22.1\n$ make defconfig\n$ make menuconfig<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6267\u884c&nbsp;make menuconfig&nbsp;\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u628a\u4e0b\u9762\u51e0\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u9009\u4e0a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Busybox Settings:\n- General Configuration -&gt; Don't use \/usr\n- General Configuration -&gt; Show verbose applet usage messages\n- General Configuration -&gt; Runtime SUID\/SGID configuration via \/etc\/busybox.conf\n- Build Options -&gt; Build BusyBox as a static binary (no shared libs)\n- Cross compi\u2014&gt;\u6307\u5b9a\u7f16\u8bd1\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53ef\u9009\u9879<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<p>\u6ce8\u89e3\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>defconfig &#8211; set .config to largest generic configuration\u5c31\u662f\u6700\u5927\u5316\u9009\u7528\u901a\u7528\u7684\u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3\u3001\u7f16\u8bd1\u53ca\u5b89\u88c5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ make\n$ make install<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6267\u884c&nbsp;make install&nbsp;\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a&nbsp;_install&nbsp;\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u91cc\u9762\u5c31\u662f \u7f16\u8bd1\u540eBusybox\uff0c\u5305\u542b&nbsp;bin&nbsp;\u3001&nbsp;sbin&nbsp;\u3001 \u53ca&nbsp;linuxrc&nbsp;\u8f6f\u94fe\u63a5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee \u5f55\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u590d\u5236\u5230\u4e0b\u9762\u5236\u4f5cinitramfs\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8b66\u544a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u5047\u8bbeinitramfs\u7684\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u662f&nbsp;\/tmp\/initramfs\/&nbsp;\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>$ cp -r _install\/* \/tmp\/initramfs\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"color: rgb(80, 80, 80); font-family: &quot;Lucida Sans&quot;, Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, \u5fae\u8f6f\u96c5\u9ed1, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal;\">\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1Busybox\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c31\u7b97\u662f\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e8c\u3001InitramFs<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>1\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u6765\u770b\u770binitramfs\u6839\u76ee\u5f55(&nbsp;\/tmp\/initramfs\/&nbsp;)\u7684\u7ed3 \u6784\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u5b50\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\u251c\u2500\u2500 bin\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 linuxrc -&gt; bin\/busybox\n\u2514\u2500\u2500 sbin<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6&nbsp;init&nbsp;\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aShell\u811a\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2\u3001init\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>init&nbsp;\u8d77\u5230\u627f\u4e0a\u542f\u4e0b\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5185\u6838\u52a0\u8f7d\u5b8c\u6210\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u76f8\u5173\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u6302\u8f7d\u8981\u542f\u52a8\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5e76\u5207\u6362\u6267\u884c\u76ee\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684&nbsp;\/sbin\/init&nbsp;\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u5f15\u5bfc\u771f\u5b9e\u7684Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u76f4\u63a5\u8d34\u51fa\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6d41\u7a0b\u4e5f\u76f8\u5bf9\u6bd4\u8f83\u7b80\u5355\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>#!\/bin\/sh\n\necho \"Loading, please wait...\"\n\nexport PATH=\"\/bin:\/sbin\"\n\n&#91; -d \/dev ] || mkdir -m 0755 \/dev\n&#91; -d \/root ] || mkdir --mode=0700 \/root\n&#91; -d \/sys ] || mkdir \/sys\n&#91; -d \/proc ] || mkdir \/proc\n&#91; -d \/tmp ] || mkdir \/tmp\n&#91; -d \/mnt ] || mkdir \/mnt\n\n# Mount \/proc and \/sys:\nmount -n proc \/proc -t proc\nmount -n sysfs \/sys -t sysfs\n\n# Note that this only becomes \/dev on the real filesystem if udev's scripts\n# are used; which they will be, but it's worth pointing out\n#mount -t tmpfs -o mode=0755 udev \/dev\n&#91; -e \/dev\/console ] || mknod \/dev\/console c 5 1\n&#91; -e \/dev\/null ] || mknod \/dev\/null c 1 3\n\necho \/sbin\/mdev &gt;\/proc\/sys\/kernel\/hotplug\nmdev -s\n\n# Get real root device by LABEL or UUID\nget_root() {\n    if &#91; ! -z \"$LABEL\" ]; then\n        ROOT=`blkid | sed -n \"\/$LABEL\/p\" | cut -d: -f 1`\n    fi\n    if &#91; ! -z \"$UUID\" ]; then\n        ROOT=`blkid | sed -n \"\/$UUID\/p\" | cut -d: -f 1`\n    fi\n}\n\nfor x in $(cat \/proc\/cmdline); do\n    case $x in\n    init=*)\n        init=${x#init=}\n        ;;\n    root=*)\n        ROOT=${x#root=}\n        case $ROOT in\n            LABEL=*)\n                LABEL=${ROOT#LABEL=}\n                ;;\n            UUID=*)\n                UUID=${ROOT#UUID=}\n                ;;\n            \/dev\/nfs)\n                &#91; -z \"${BOOT}\" ] &amp;&amp; BOOT=nfs\n                ;;\n        esac\n        ;;\n    rootflags=*)\n        ROOTFLAGS=\"-o ${x#rootflags=}\"\n        ;;\n    rootfstype=*)\n        ROOTFSTYPE=\"${x#rootfstype=}\"\n        ;;\n    rootdelay=*)\n        ROOTDELAY=\"${x#rootdelay=}\"\n        ;;\n    resumedelay=*)\n        RESUMEDELAY=\"${x#resumedelay=}\"\n        ;;\n    loop=*)\n        LOOP=\"${x#loop=}\"\n        ;;\n    loopflags=*)\n        LOOPFLAGS=\"-o ${x#loopflags=}\"\n        ;;\n    loopfstype=*)\n        LOOPFSTYPE=\"${x#loopfstype=}\"\n        ;;\n    cryptopts=*)\n        cryptopts=\"${x#cryptopts=}\"\n        ;;\n    nfsroot=*)\n        NFSROOT=\"${x#nfsroot=}\"\n        ;;\n    netboot=*)\n        NETBOOT=\"${x#netboot=}\"\n        ;;\n    ip=*)\n        IPOPTS=\"${x#ip=}\"\n        ;;\n    boot=*)\n        BOOT=${x#boot=}\n        ;;\n    resume=*)\n        RESUME=\"${x#resume=}\"\n        ;;\n    noresume)\n        NORESUME=y\n        ;;\n    panic=*)\n        panic=\"${x#panic=}\"\n        ;;\n    quiet)\n        quiet=y\n        ;;\n    ro)\n        readonly=y\n        ;;\n    rw)\n        readonly=n\n        ;;\n    debug)\n        debug=y\n        exec &gt;\/tmp\/initramfs.debug 2&gt;&amp;1\n        set -x\n        ;;\n    debug=*)\n        debug=y\n        set -x\n        ;;\n    break=*)\n        break=${x#break=}\n        ;;\n    break)\n        break=premount\n        ;;\n    0|1|2|3|4|5|6)\n        RUNLEVEL=$x\n        ;;\n    esac\ndone\n\nfor t in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16;\ndo\n    echo \"Mounting the ROOT DEVICE (Time $t) ...\"\n    get_root $ROOT\n    mount -o ro $ROOT \/mnt\n    mountpoint -q \/mnt &amp;&amp; break\n    echo \"Sleep 4s ...\"\n    sleep 4\ndone\n\nif &#91; -e \/mnt\/sbin\/init ] ;\nthen\n    umount \/proc\n    umount \/sys\n    exec switch_root \/mnt \/sbin\/init $RUNLEVEL\nfi\n\n\/bin\/sh -i<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u522b\u5fd8\u8bb0\u7ed9&nbsp;init&nbsp;\u52a0\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>$ chmod +x init<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u6784\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\u251c\u2500\u2500 bin\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 init\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 linuxrc -&gt; bin\/busybox\n\u2514\u2500\u2500 sbin<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0cinitramfs\u5df2\u7ecf\u6784\u5efa\u597d\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u8fdb\u884c\u6253\u5305\u53ca\u538b\u7f29\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6ce8\u89e3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5173\u4e8emdev\u7684\u51e0\u70b9\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol>\n<li>mdev\u4e0d\u652f\u6301LVM\u5377<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>mdev\u652f\u6301USB\u8bbe\u7f6e\u70ed\u63d2\u62e8\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u9700\u8981\u628aHOTPLUG\u53caUSB_STORAGE\u652f\u6301\u53ca\u9a71\u52a8\u7f16 \u8bd1\u8fdb\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7f16\u8bd1\u6210\u6a21\u5757\u3002Bus options (PCI, PCMCIA, EISA, MCA, ISA) -&gt; PCI Hotplug SupportDevice Drivers -&gt; USB support<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>3\u3001\u6253\u5305\u538b\u7f29<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\u6253\u5305\u538b\u7f29\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>cd \/tmp\/initramfs\nfind * | cpio -o -H newc | gzip -9 &gt; ..\/initrd.img<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\uff0c&nbsp;\/tmp\/initrd.img&nbsp;\u5c31\u662f\u5236\u4f5c\u597d\u7684initramfs\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e09\u3001uboot\u5f15\u5bfcinitramfs<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>\u5185\u6838\u955c\u50cf\uff1a<code>Image<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8bbe\u5907\u6811\uff1a<code>system.dtb<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>initrd \u955c\u50cf\uff1a<code>initrd.img<\/code>\uff08\u7ea6 16MB\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># 1. \u8bbe\u7f6e\u52a0\u8f7d\u5730\u5740\uff08\u6309\u9700\u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4e0d\u4e0e\u5185\u6838\/DTB \u51b2\u7a81\uff09\nsetenv loadaddr    0x80080000   # kernel\nsetenv fdtaddr    0x81000000   # dtb\nsetenv initrd_addr 0x83000000   # initrd\n\n# 2. \u52a0\u8f7d\u5185\u6838\u3001DTB\u3001initrd\nload mmc 0:1 ${loadaddr}    \/boot\/Image\nload mmc 0:1 ${fdtaddr}     \/boot\/system.dtb\nload mmc 0:1 ${initrd_addr} \/boot\/initrd.img\n\n# 3. \u8ba1\u7b97 initrd \u5927\u5c0f\uff08U-Boot \u81ea\u52a8\u586b\u5145\uff09\nsetexpr initrd_size ${filesize} - 0\n\n# 4. \u6784\u9020 bootargs\uff08\u5173\u952e\uff01\u5fc5\u987b\u542b initrd \u53c2\u6570\uff09\nsetenv bootargs \\\n  \"console=ttyS0,115200n8 \\\n   root=\/dev\/mmcblk0p2 rw \\\n   init=\/init \\\n   initrd=${initrd_addr},${initrd_size} \\\n   ${extra_bootargs}\"\n\n# 5. \u542f\u52a8\uff08ARM64 \u4f7f\u7528 booti\uff09\nbooti ${loadaddr} ${initrd_addr}:${initrd_size} ${fdtaddr}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"slide-text-bg2\">\n<h3>\u4e00\u3001BusyBox 1\u3001\u4e0b\u8f7dBusyBo<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"flex-btn-div\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.recologypower.com:9080\/?p=1886\" class=\"btn1 flex-btn\">\u9605\u8bfb\u66f4\u591a<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"[]"},"categories":[110],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.recologypower.com:9080\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1886"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.recologypower.com:9080\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.recologypower.com:9080\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.recologypower.com:9080\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.recologypower.com:9080\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1886"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"http:\/\/www.recologypower.com:9080\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1886\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1891,"href":"http:\/\/www.recologypower.com:9080\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1886\/revisions\/1891"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.recologypower.com:9080\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1886"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.recologypower.com:9080\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1886"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.recologypower.com:9080\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1886"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}